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L. E. RIVOT.

TREATING ORES WITH SUPERHEATEED STEAM.

No. 73,840. Patented Jam. 28,1868.

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LOUIS EDOUARD RIVOT, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR' TO JACQUES GAILLARDON, OF SAN FRANCISCO. CALIFORNIA.

Letters Patent No. 73,840, dated January 28, 1868.

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Be it known that I, LOUIS EDOUARD RIVOT, of Paris, in the Empire of France, have invented. certain new and useful Improvements in the Method of and Means for Treating Auriierous and Argentiferons Ores; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad -to the accompanying drawings.

In Letters Patent of the United States, granted me on May 31, 1864, No. 42,997, I have detailed the oper ations of which the process of treating the argentiferous and a'urifcrous ores is composed. They maybe said to consist of the roasting, by means of" superheated steam, of pulverized ore, either'alone or mixed with a suitable proportion of pyrites, and of the amalgamation of the roasted ore without the addition of reagents. I proposed for the roosting a reverbcrntory furnace, heated with wood or coal.

The object of the present invention is to produce a. furnace which may take the place of the reverbersting furnace, in the operation of roosting the ore by means of superheated steam.

The ore is placed in o. horizontal sheet or cast-iron cylinder of large dimensions, and superheated steam is admitted at one end of the cylinder, while the excess of steam, and the products of the action of the steam upon the ore, issue from the other. end of the cylinder, and pass into the chimney. This cylinder revolves slowly, so as to continually expose new surfaces to the action of the steam, and thus dispense with the working and rubbling bytbe operator. The cylinder, which is of a special form, is arranged in a furnace heated with wood or coal. The flames from the fire-chamber are first made to superheut the steam, and then to raise the cylinder-A0 a proper temperature by means of steam, and then finally pass into the chimney, which receives also the prodnote which issue from the cylinder. Both the cylinder and the furnace are represented in thedrawing hereunto annexed, in which- Figure 1 represents a horizontal section of the furnace, on line 3 4 5 6, fig. 2. The cylinder is shown in plane view, in order that its position in the furnace may be more-readily understood.

Figure 2 rcpresentsa vertical section of the furnace, online 1 2, fig. 1.

Figure 3 represents o. transverse section of the furnace, on line 7 8, fig. 1.

Figure 4 is an end view of the furnace.

The dimensions shown in the figures are those applicable to a. cylinder, in which a. charge of ore of about five hundred kilogrammes is worked. It will be easy to increase or diminish the dimensions, according to circumstancos.

The fuel, whether it be wood or coal,'lignite turf, 850., is charged, through the door P, into the fire-chamber f. The annexed drawing shows an arrangement of door and fire-chamber suitsble for burning wood. It will be easy to modifythe arrangement, if mineral fuel be used. The flames are divided by the wall e, which. extends upward to the arch of the furnace. They then pass under the cylinder 0, and rise on the opposite side, in order to enter the four lines a, which convey them to the chimney 13.

Steam from the generator passes through the pipe 2), and thence throug the swam! p M111 film furnuee t uuugll me :mru pipe, 11" 'l'he'lost is bent outside of the furnace, and unites in the sleeve with the pipe 3 which is attached to the cylinder. In passing throughthe three pipes, which are entirely enveloped by the flames, the steam acquires a high temperature. It would be easy to further sunerheat it, by placing two pipes against the vertical wall of the fire-chamber, on the fire-bridge side. Whatever may be the number of pipes heated by-the flames, it will be well to place the elbows outside of the masonry, as indicated in fig. 1 of the drawings.

In each end of the furnace a recess is formed in the masonry, parallel with the cylinder, and the cylinder is hold underneath by means of a solid cast-iron bracket or girder, as shown in the drawings. The two ends of the furnace correspond with the two ends of the cylinder, and are made of cast-iron plates, held in piece by means of four solid cast-iron braces. On top the furnace is provided with a sheet-iron plate, arched and strengthcncd by means of braces. The cylinder is made either of cost or boiler-iron. In the drawings, a cast-iron cylinder is shown. It is cast in two pieces, which are joined together by means of an exterior ring, m.

In figs. 2 and 3, it will be seen that the cylinder is furnished on the inside with eight projecting'ribs,

extending the whole length of the cylinder,-the object being to cause the ore to change position at each rotation of the cylinder, and they are thus intended to produce, in connection with the rotary movement, the cfi'eet of rabbling oi the ore in a reverberatory furnace. There may be similar ribs on the outside, which are cut away at the points where the hoops m 172- m pass around the cylinder, their object being-to hold the hoops iu'placc. These hoops are flanged, so as to admit rollers g g g" between them. The rollers and their journals are of wrought iron, and their bearings are of cast iron.

The two end plates of the cylinder are secured by bolts. One of these plates, E, is connected with the pipe through which the superheated steam is admitted, and is provided with two doors for charging and discharging. The other end plate, E, is east with the exit-pipe, which opens into the chimney. A door is arranged in this pi e, to allow the workman toobserve the nature of the gas which escapes under the action of the steam. The chimney-wall is pierced with a circular opening, lined with a cast-iron collar of a diameter larger than that of the steam-escape pipe, so that the latter may freely revolve with the cylinder.

Rotary movement is imparted to the cylinderby means of two gear-wheels, R R, placed on the cylinder, but outside of the furnace. They are driven by means of pinions, r r, fast on a shaft above the cylinder, and on the outside of the furnace. The shaft is supported by means of two cast-iron bearings, at the extremities of the furnace, and by a third bearing secured within the masonry of the chimney. Power is transmitted to apulley on the shaft, in the vicinity of the end E of the cylinder. Therotation of the cylinder is then cii'ected upon the rollers by the action of the gear-wheels, so that the rotation isnecessarily upon the axis of the cylinder. The rotary movement should be very slow, but may be raised with the nature of the ore. As a general thing. the cylinder should make from twenty to thirty revolutions per hour.

For the admission of steam I use a special arrangement. It is necessary that the steam pass from the fixed superheuting pipe into the rotating pipe, at the end of the-cylinder, without loss. It is also necessary thatthe outer air should not. enter into the latter pipe. To this effect I propose the arrangement showniu section, fig. 8. c" is the pipe which receives the steam from the super-heater. y is the pipe which revolves with the cylinder. The pipe y is enlarged at it's extremity, and overlaps theendoi' the pipe 11" about one centimetre. The end is smooth, and is in irictional contact with the vertical flange 0, cast on the pipe 11. The coupling of these two pipes is enclosed in a cast-iron box, A, which is bolted on one side with the annular flange c, which is also cast on the fixed pipe 11". At the other end the box is provided with the aunula ilange B, whose exterior surface is smoothly polished and slightly conical. Thisflange is recessed, to allow the passage of the enlarged end of the pipe 3/, which carries a tight fitting sleeve, M, whose conical flange corresponds with th-at designated by the letter B. When the two pipes are placed m position, the sleeve M is'pressed" up against the'fiange B, and there will then be no escape of superheated steam, nor penetration of theouter-air. For greater safety,

however, steam is admitted into thebox A through the pipe t. The box A is supported by an iron frame, so as to allow-the operator to use the tools requisite to charge and empty the, cylinder. i

Each operation is divided into three stages-the charging, the steaming, and the dischznging. First stage. The cylinder is stopped in th' position shown in fig. 4. The two doors, P P", are open, and the ore is charged through a. hopper not shown in the figure, as there is nothing novel in its arrangement. A movable iron plate conducts the ore from the hopper to the cylinder through the door Pi, while the operator, by

means of a rabble, pushes the re to the bottom of the cylinder, and equalizes or levels the mass.

Second stage. The cylinder is put in motion by revolving it from left to right, that is to say, in the direction of the flames under the cylinders Steam isadmitted in such quantity as will slowly the cylinder. The fire is then augmented, so as to bring the cylinderto a dull red. The action of-thc' steam then commences,

which can be observed through the orifice O in the'chirnney. The time required to complete the roasting varies with the nature of the ore. The completion of, the roasting maybe ascertained, first, when, on looking through the opening 0 in the chimney, no escape of yellow vapor or odor is perceptible; second, when, on introducing through the door I of the escape-pipe a piece of paper impregnated with a salt of lead, (for instance, acetate of lead,) the paper does not become black.

Third gvw e t e or: bulletin roasted. steam is shut off, the cylinder is stopped in the same position as for the charging, and the two doors P P are opened. The operator, by means or a rannle, rue-n blzyvon out the ore, and drops it on the ground, or into a wheel-barrow, in which it is carriedotl' to some place of deposit.

Having thus described my inv ention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into eflect, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is--' p The herein-described method of and apparatus for roasting argen'tit'erous and auriferous ores, that is to say, the employment, in connection with superheated steam, of a rotary roastingwylinder, substantially in the manner shown and specified. p

' In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification before'twosnhscrihin'g witnesses.

' I L. n. RIVOT.

Witnesses:

E. Breanne, I. GAILLARDON- 

